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Year 10 iGSCE - Biology

Karyograms show us an individuals Karyotype.

Essentially it shows us a picture of all their chromosomes next to their partner.

Karyogram mutations


The individual to the left, has an extra Y chromosome. Although you may assume this is an advantage, because the Y chromosome makes us male, it actually cases infertility.

This extra chromosome causes Azoospermia. Meaning the individuals sperm count in incredibly low, and their movement is slow.


Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder. Unlike some chromosomal disorders, this is visible and noticeable at birth.

It results from an extra 21 chromosome. This is called Trisomy 21.


Tuner syndrome is a case where the individual will loose an entire sex chromosome or it is damaged/abnormal.